A ƙasa akwai taƙaitaccen bayani game da hanyoyin aiki, nau'ikan da kuma kimantawar da aka yi amfani da su wajen kiyaye abubuwa daban-daban
1.Tsarin aikin gabaɗayaabubuwan kiyayewa
Masu kiyayewa galibi sinadarai ne da ke taimakawa wajen kashewa ko hana ayyukan ƙananan halittu a cikin kayan kwalliya da kuma kiyaye ingancin kayan kwalliya gaba ɗaya na tsawon lokaci.
Duk da haka, ya kamata a lura cewa abubuwan kiyayewa ba ƙwayoyin cuta ba ne, amma ba su da wani tasiri mai ƙarfi na kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma suna aiki ne kawai idan aka yi amfani da su da isasshen yawa ko kuma lokacin da suka yi hulɗa kai tsaye da ƙananan halittu.
Magungunan kariya suna hana haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta, suna toshe haɗakar muhimman enzymes na rayuwa da kuma hana haɗakar sunadarai a cikin muhimman abubuwan tantanin halitta ko kuma haɗakar nucleic acid.
2.Abubuwan da ke shafar Ayyukan Masu Kariya
Abubuwa da yawa suna taimakawa wajen tasirin abubuwan kiyayewa. Sun haɗa da;
a.Tasirin pH
Sauyin pH yana taimakawa wajen wargaza sinadaran kiyaye acid na halitta, don haka yana shafar ingancin sinadaran kiyayewa gaba ɗaya. Misali, a pH 4 da pH 6, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol yana da ƙarfi sosai.
b.Tasirin gel da ƙwayoyin halitta masu ƙarfi
Koalin, magnesium silicate, aluminum da sauransu, wasu ƙwayoyin foda ne da ke cikin wasu kayan kwalliya, waɗanda galibi ke shan abubuwan kiyayewa don haka suna haifar da asarar aiki daga masu kiyayewa. Duk da haka, wasu kuma suna da tasiri wajen sha ƙwayoyin cuta da ke cikin abubuwan kiyayewa. Haka kuma, haɗakar gel ɗin polymer mai narkewa cikin ruwa da kayan kiyayewa yana taimakawa wajen rage yawan abubuwan kiyayewa da ke cikin kayan kwalliya, kuma wannan kuma yana rage tasirin abubuwan kiyayewa.
c.Tasirin narkewar sinadarai masu narkewa na nonionic
Narkewar sinadaran surfactant daban-daban kamar surfactant marasa ionic a cikin abubuwan kiyayewa shi ma yana shafar aikin abubuwan kiyayewa gaba ɗaya. Duk da haka, an san cewa surfactant marasa ionic masu narkewa a mai kamar HLB=3-6 suna da ƙarfin kashewa mafi girma akan abubuwan kiyayewa idan aka kwatanta da surfactant marasa ionic masu narkewa a cikin ruwa waɗanda ke da ƙimar HLB mafi girma.
d.Tasirin lalacewar abubuwan kiyayewa
Akwai wasu abubuwa kamar dumama, haske da sauransu, waɗanda ke da alhakin lalacewar abubuwan kiyayewa, wanda hakan ke haifar da raguwar tasirin maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta. Bugu da ƙari, wasu daga cikin waɗannan tasirin suna haifar da amsawar sinadarai sakamakon hana radiation da kuma kashe ƙwayoyin cuta.
e.Sauran ayyuka
Hakazalika, wasu abubuwa kamar kasancewar dandano da sinadaran chelating da kuma rarraba sinadaran kiyayewa a cikin ruwa mai matakai biyu suma za su taimaka wajen rage ayyukan sinadaran kiyayewa zuwa wani mataki.
3.Maganin maganin antiseptic na abubuwan kiyayewa
Abubuwan da ke hana ƙwayoyin cuta na magungunan kiyayewa sun cancanci a yi la'akari da su. Samun magungunan kiyayewa da yawa a kayan kwalliya tabbas zai sa ya zama abin haushi, yayin da ƙarancin yawan amfani da su zai shafi maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta.kaddarorin masu kiyayewaHanya mafi kyau don tantance wannan ita ce amfani da gwajin ƙalubalen halitta wanda ya ƙunshi mafi ƙarancin yawan hanawa (MIC) da gwajin yankin hanawa
Gwajin da'irar Bacteriostatic: Ana amfani da wannan gwajin don tantance waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta tare da ikon girma da sauri bayan an noma su a kan matsakaici mai dacewa. A cikin yanayin da faifan takarda mai tacewa da aka sanya wa mai kiyayewa aka jefar a tsakiyar farantin matsakaici na al'ada, za a sami da'irar bacteriostatic da aka samar a kusa saboda shigar mai kiyayewa. Lokacin auna diamita na da'irar bacteriostatic, ana iya amfani da shi azaman ma'auni don tantance tasirin mai kiyayewa.
Da wannan, za a iya cewa da'irar bacteriostatic ta amfani da hanyar takarda mai diamita >=1.0mm tana da tasiri sosai. Ana kiran MIC a matsayin mafi ƙarancin yawan abubuwan kiyayewa da za a iya ƙarawa a cikin matsakaici don hana haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta. A irin wannan yanayi, ƙaramin MIC, yana ƙarfafa kaddarorin ƙwayoyin cuta na masu kiyayewa.
Ƙarfi ko tasirin aikin ƙwayoyin cuta yawanci ana bayyana shi ne ta hanyar ƙaramin yawan hana ƙwayoyin cuta (MIC). Ta hanyar yin hakan, ana ƙayyade ƙarfin aikin ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar ƙaramin ƙimar MIC. Duk da cewa ba za a iya amfani da MIC don bambance tsakanin aikin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da na ƙwayoyin cuta ba, galibi ana san surfactants suna da tasirin bacteriostatic a ƙaramin yawan ƙwayoyin cuta da tasirin sterilization a babban yawan ƙwayoyin cuta.
A gaskiya ma, a lokuta daban-daban, waɗannan ayyuka guda biyu suna faruwa a lokaci guda, kuma wannan yana sa su da wuya a bambanta su. Saboda wannan dalili, galibi ana ba su suna gama gari kamar maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ko kuma kawai maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-10-2021